PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net early on.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.